Instructions for building Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers using the TypeScript SDK

# TypeScript MCP Server Development

## Instructions

- Use the **@modelcontextprotocol/sdk** npm package: `npm install @modelcontextprotocol/sdk`
- Import from specific paths: `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js`, `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js`, etc.
- Use `McpServer` class for high-level server implementation with automatic protocol handling
- Use `Server` class for low-level control with manual request handlers
- Use **zod** for input/output schema validation: `npm install zod@3`
- Always provide `title` field for tools, resources, and prompts for better UI display
- Use `registerTool()`, `registerResource()`, and `registerPrompt()` methods (recommended over older APIs)
- Define schemas using zod: `{ inputSchema: { param: z.string() }, outputSchema: { result: z.string() } }`
- Return both `content` (for display) and `structuredContent` (for structured data) from tools
- For HTTP servers, use `StreamableHTTPServerTransport` with Express or similar frameworks
- For local integrations, use `StdioServerTransport` for stdio-based communication
- Create new transport instances per request to prevent request ID collisions (stateless mode)
- Use session management with `sessionIdGenerator` for stateful servers
- Enable DNS rebinding protection for local servers: `enableDnsRebindingProtection: true`
- Configure CORS headers and expose `Mcp-Session-Id` for browser-based clients
- Use `ResourceTemplate` for dynamic resources with URI parameters: `new ResourceTemplate('resource://{param}', { list: undefined })`
- Support completions for better UX using `completable()` wrapper from `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/completable.js`
- Implement sampling with `server.server.createMessage()` to request LLM completions from clients
- Use `server.server.elicitInput()` to request additional user input during tool execution
- Enable notification debouncing for bulk updates: `debouncedNotificationMethods: ['notifications/tools/list_changed']`
- Dynamic updates: call `.enable()`, `.disable()`, `.update()`, or `.remove()` on registered items to emit `listChanged` notifications